Irbaad ibn Sariyah reported that Nabi (saw) said “I have left you upon clear white ground, its night is like its day, no one deviates from it except that he is destroyed, and whoever lives among you will see great differences (controversy). So stick to what you know from my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the rightly acting (raashideen) rightly guided (mahdiyeen) khulafaa, cling to that with your molar teeth and stick to obedience even if it is an abyssinian slave, since the believer is like the submissive camel, wherever he is led he follows.” (AHMAD [4/126] IBN MAAJAH [no. 43] AL HAAKIM [1/96] BAYHAQI in ‘al Madkhal’ [no.51]) So this hadeeth mentioned that the guidance was made clear and that differences would occur and that the Sunnah of Nabi (saw) and the khulafaa among the Salaf Saaliheen should be followed. And the believers were reminded that Taa’ah (obedience) and Imaarah (authority) were vital for the Muslim ummah at all times. The final revelation that Allah (swt) sent to mankind did not leave out the solution for any problem that mankind may encounter. Islam provided the way for success in all situations including our current situation.
The Muslims are now divided upon the basis of nationality, tribe, sects and many other hostile divisions that are prohibited. This division is prohibited in itself and is also a doorway to many other evils and harms and is also a prevention to much good and benefit. The kuffaar and the munaafiqeen continue to gain materially from the division of the Muslims as they take advantage of the Muslim ummah’s weakness in the face of the oppressive rule of tyrannical rulers who claim to be Muslims. Government paid scholars help cement the thrones of these evil rulers by passing fataawa that either support or excuse the actions of these governments with regards to their rejection of the shari’ah and assisting the plans of the kaafir governments outside the Muslim lands.
Allah did not leave the Muslims wandering without guidance or a solution to these problems but rather there is an exact solution to every problem. “And indeed, We have left nothing out of the Book at all.” (al Ana’m 6:38) and “Verily, We have sent down to you the Book as a clarification for all matters, a guidance, a blessing and good news for believers.” (an Nahl 16:89) and for all of these comprehensive laws we were given a precise method of implementation “…For each of you we prescribed a shari’ah and minhaaj…” (al Maai’dah 5:48) Allah, through His final messenger Muhammad (saw) explained in detail the revelation concerning all matters necessary to mankind. Rasool Allah (saw) told us how to dress, eat, sleep, clean our teeth, approach our wives, pray and study etc. We were even taught the adab of how to go to the toilet, yet some people think that the methodology to establish the deen as a whole, which is one of the most important matters, has been left to the minds of men so that they differ and fight over it. Rather, Nabi (saw) explained to us all these important matters “We have revealed to you the Dhikr (Reminder) that you may explain to mankind that which has been revealed to them.” (an Nahl 16:44)
We have been commanded by Allah to be united and we have been prohibited from dividing up. Allah (swt) says “…establish the deen and do not make divisions in it…” (ash Shoorah 42:13) and “And hold fast to the rope of Allah all of you together and do not be divided…” (aali I’mraan 3:103) These are general commands that are to be applied in all times and circumstances. There is no permit to be divided due to the non-existence of darul Islam. Unity is only achieved by appointing an Imam for the whole Ummah and uniting under his authority. The cause of unity in Islam is not the existence of force and power but rather unity is a command in itself. Power is a result of unity and seeking support to establish darul Islam (Islamic State) is a separate command from the command to unity. The commands to establish, maintain and expand darul Islam (Islamic State) are separate from the commands to establish unity and to appoint a leader. There can be no doubt that Allah chose the system of ‘Imaamah’ (leadership) as the method for the Muslims to organize their affairs and to progress in their divinely prescribed objectives. The Muslim Ummah has been commanded to act as one body with all its parts and cells under the command of one control centre. This is known as ‘Imaamah’ (leadership), ‘Imaarah’ (authority) and ‘Khilaafah’ (deputation or succession). For all collective tasks needing unified movement and decision making, leadership and authority was prescribed as the method for success. So for employment, marriage, prayer, travelling and warfare (etc), the revelation provided details of authority and its rules for all of these specific areas and under no circumstances were these rules suspended. All of those in these situations would require unity under an authoritative decision for the completion of their tasks otherwise only failure, conflict and stagnation of tasks would result. Allah commanded unity under an amir even for the small situation, A’bdullah ibn A’mru ibn al Ass reported that Nabi (saw) said “It is not permissible for any three of you to remain in any deserted place without appointing one of you as amir” (AHMAD) When we see that Allah ordered unity under an amir even in the small situation without it being connected to any condition of power we see that the need is even greater for the wider situation of the whole Muslim Ummah, which is much more in need of unity and leadership. Regardless of the undeniable need for leadership and unity among the Muslim Ummah as a whole, the Shari’ah specifically commanded unity under a leader regardless of the situation of the Muslims. Al Haarith al Asha’ri reported that Nabi (saw) said “I command you with five which Allah commanded me with: Listening and obeying, jihaad and hijrah and the Jama’ah for he who leaves the jama’ah by a handbreadth, then he has thrown off the yoke of Islam from his neck.” (AHMAD[4/130, 202] AT-TAYAALISI [1161] IBN HIBBAAN [1550] IBN KHUZAYMAH [930] AL-HAAKIM [1/236]) and Ibn U’mar reported that Nabi (saw) said “The one who separates his hand from obedience (ta’ah) will have no excuse (hujjah) before Allah on the Day of Judgement and he who dies without a baya’h on his neck dies the death of jahileeyah” (MUSLIM [no.4562-4564])
The time of weakness when no darul Islam (Islamic State) is present and power is lacking, is even a greater need to bring the Muslims under the command of one Imaam and the shari’ah specifically prescribed uniting under an Imaam as the solution to such times of fitnah, division and weakness. Hudhayfah ibn al Yaman said ‘The people used to ask rasool Allah (saw) about the good, but I used to ask him about the evil for fear that it might overtake me, so I said, ‘O Rasool Allah, we used to be in ignorance (jaahileeyah) and evil (shari) then Allah brought this good to us. So is there any evil after this good? He (saw) said “Yes” I said ‘And is there any good after that evil?’ He (saw) said “Yes, but it will be tainted (literally ‘smoke’)” I asked ‘What will that smoke be?’ He (saw) said “A people guiding others with other than my guidance, you will approve of some (of their deeds) and disapprove of others.” I asked ‘Then is there any evil after that good?’ He (saw) said “Yes, callers at the gates of Hellfire, whoever responds to their call will be thrown into it.” I said ‘O rasool Allah describe them to us.’ He (saw) said “They will be from our own people and speak our language.” What do you order me to do if I should see that?’ He (saw) said “Cling (talzamu) to the jama’atul Muslimeen and their Imaam.” I said ‘And if there is no Jama’ah and no Imaam?’ He (saw) said “Then keep away from all those sects even if you have to bite upon the root of a tree until death overtakes you in that condition.” (BUKHAARI Eng/Arabic version vol.4 [no.803] and vol.9 [no.206], MUSLIM [no.4553])
In addition to this, Imaamah was prescribed by the shari’ah to be the solution to weakness and a means of protection. Abu Hurayrah reported that Nabi (saw) said “The Imam is a shield behind which the people fight and protect themselves. If he commands taqwa of Allah a’zza wal jall and dispenses justice there will be a reward for him and if he enjoins otherwise it redounds on him.” (MUSLIM [no.4542] BUKHAARI [eng/Arabic vers.vol.4 no.204]) So Imaamah (i.e. the whole ummah unifying under a leader) acts as a shield because it leads to unity by its nature, and unity leads to strength and progress occurs by following the decision of the Imaam. This is the correct understanding of this hadeeth and this fact is in accordance with what the hadeeth says itself and is in accordance with what the wahi (revelation) says generally about unity, division, imaamah, strength and weakness. As for the interpretation of some modernist Muslims who say that the hadith means ‘There can be no Imam unless he has an army and land (which they say is the shield)’ then they have compared leadership in Islam to the Kaafir Nation State leadership which ceases to exist the moment the oppressive State forces are dissolved. This modern twisted interpretation is far away from the Islamic concept of leadership and unity which is not applied due to the existence of a State that tries to enforce it but rather, it is commanded in itself as Muslims have been commanded to be united generally and are to work as an ummah at all times whether they possess power or not. If we were to look at the ‘shield’ of the khaleefah or Imaam, it could only consist of people unifying under him and obeying his commands and this would then act as a ‘shield’. Therefore ‘Imaamah’ (Leadership) is itself the real shield and the army can only become useful when first recognising the authority of the Imaam and unifying under him, otherwise this metaphorical ‘shield’ would be redundant and useless, therefore Imaamah always comes before power in the shari’ah and according to ration an army is useless except by first recognising the authority of its commander.
Qays bin Abi Haazim reported that Abu Bakr went to a lady from the Ahmas tribe called Zainab bint Al-Muhajir and found that she refused to speak. He asked, “Why does she not speak?” The people said, “She has intended to perform Hajj without speaking.” He said to her, “Speak, for it is illegal not to speak, as it is an action of the pre-Islamic period of ignorance. So she spoke and said, “Who are you?” He said, “A man from the muhaajiroon.” She asked, “Which of the muhaajiroon?” He replied, “From Quraish.” She asked, “From what branch of Quraish are you?” He said, “You ask too many questions; I am Abu Bakr.” She said, “How long shall we enjoy this good order (i.e. Muslim ummah in good condition) which Allah has brought after the period of ignorance?” He said, “You will enjoy it as long as your Imams keep on abiding by its rules and regulations.” She asked, “What are the Imams?” He said, “Were there not from your people heads (ru’oos) and chiefs (ashraaf) who used to order the people and they used to obey them?” She said, “Yes.” He said, “So they (i.e. the Imaams) are those whom I meant.” (BUKHAARI [eng./arabic vers. vol.5 no.175]) So we see from this narration how the sahaabah saw that the success and failure of the ummah was connected to the conduct of the Imaams, so what would the state of the ummah be if there was no Imaam at all? The answer to this is contained in the following hadeeth, which explains that when there is no just Imaam then there will exist harmful division A’bdullah ibn U’mar reported that Nabi(saw) said “…If the leaders (imaams) do not govern according to the Book of Allah and choose that which he has revealed (then this has never happened) except that Allah put adversities (baa’sahum) between them.” (IBN MAAJAH kitabul Fitaan [4019])
So let us all obey Allah and His messenger and unite not only in our a’qeedah but also in our way of life by struggling to appoint or re-establish Khilafah State or Imaam of the Ummah, and establish the deen in its entirety upon the minhaajun naboowah (method of the Prophet) as a unified ummah under the amirul mu’mineen.